The Picture Of Dorian Gray Corruption Through Aestheticism Essays

The Picture of Dorian Gray: Corruption Through Aestheticism The Picture of Dorian Gray: Corruption Through Aestheticism The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde is the story of moral corruption by the means of aestheticism. In the novel, the well meaning artist Basil Hallward presets young Dorian Gray with a portrait of himself. After conversing with cynical Lord Henry Wotton, Dorian makes a wish which dreadfully affects his life forever. "If it were I who was to be always young, and the picture that was to grow old! For that I would give everything! Yes, there is nothing in the whole world I would not give! I would give my soul for that" (Wilde 109). As it turns out, the devil that Dorian sells his soul to is Lord Henry Wotton, who exists not only as something external to Dorian, but also as a voice within him (Bloom 107). Dorian continues to lead a life of sensuality which he learns about in a book given to him by Lord Henry. Dorian's unethical devotion to pleasure becomes his way of life. The novel underscores its disapproval of aestheticism which negatively impacts the main characters. Each of the three primary characters is an aesthete and meets some form of terrible personal doom. Basil Hallward's aestheticism is manifested in his dedication to his artistic creations. He searches in the outside world for the perfect manifestation of his own soul, when he finds this object, he can create masterpieces by painting it (Bloom 109). He refuses to display the portrait of Dorian Gray with the explanation that, "I have put too much of myself into it" (Wilde 106). He further demonstrates the extent to which he holds this philosophy by later stating that, "only the artist is truly reveled" (109). Lord Henry Wotton criticizes Basil Hallward that, "An artist should create beautiful things but should put nothing of his own life into them" (Wilde 25). Ironically, the purpose of Basil Hallward's existence is that he is an aesthete striving to become one with his art (Eriksen 105). It is this very work of art which Basil refuses to display that provides Dorian Gray with the idea that there are no consequences to his actions. Dorian has this belief in mind when he murders Basil. Here we see that the artist is killed for his excessive love of physical beauty; the same art that he wished to merge with is the cause of his mortal downfall (Juan 64). Lord Henry Wotton, the most influential man in Dorian's life, is an aesthete of the mind. Basil is an artist who uses a brush while Wotton is an artist who uses words: There is no good, no evil, no morality and immorality; there are modes of being. To live is to experiment aesthetically in living to experiment all sensations, to know all emotions, and to think all thoughts, in order that the self's every capacity may be imaginatively realized (West 5811). Lord Henry believes that, "it is better to be beautiful than to be good" (Wilde 215). Although he attests that aestheticism is a mode of thought, he does not act on his beliefs. Basil Hallward accuses him saying, "You never say a moral thing and you never do a wrong thing" (5). However, Lord Henry does take the immoral action of influencing Dorian. Although Lord Henry states that, "all influence is immoral" (Wilde 18), he nonetheless drastically changes Dorian Gray. As Dorian acts on the beliefs of Lord Henry, the portrait's beauty becomes corrupted. "Lord Henry presents Dorian with the tenants of his New Hedonism, whose basis is self-development leading to the perfect realization of one's nature" (Eriksen 97). If Lord Henry's aesthetic ideas have validity ,Dorian Gray's portrait should not become ugly, but rather more beautiful. Since the picture becomes loathsome, it is evident that Lord Henry's beliefs are untrue (West 5811). Dorian becomes so disgusted with the horrible portrait that he slashes the canvas, and the knife pierces his own heart. Because Lord Henry is responsible for influencing Dorian Gray, he is partly the cause of the death of Dorian (5810). While Lord Henry is indirectly the cause of Dorian's death, he too causes his own downfall. Lord Henry changes Dorian with the belief that morals have no legitimate place in life. He gives Dorian a book about a man who seeks beauty in evil sensations. Both Lord Henry's actions and thoughts prove ruinous, as his wife leaves him and the remaining focus of his life, youthful Dorian Gray, kills himself in an attempt to further the lifestyle suggested to him by Lord Henry.

Discuss the importance of Human resource management (HRM) alongside the recruitment needs of a business The WritePass Journal

Discuss the importance of Human resource management (HRM) alongside the recruitment needs of a business Introduction Discuss the importance of Human resource management (HRM) alongside the recruitment needs of a business IntroductionCase Study of British Gas The role of human resource managementCase study of Scottish Power The role of Human Resource ManagementThe significance of HRM’s historical developmentHistory of Human Resource managementHuman Resource ManagementRecruitment:Traditional recruitment agencyOnline recruitment websitesHead-huntersIn-house recruitmentOrientation and InductionTraning and DevelopmentReferences:Related Introduction Human resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent draw to the management of an organizations most appreciated assets - the people working there who individually and collectively put into the getting of the objectives of the business. The terms human resource management and human resources (HR) have mainly replaced the term personnel management as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations. In plain language, HRM means employing people, developing their capacity, utilizing, maintaining and compensating their services in melody with the job and organizational requirement. Harshly Human Resource Management can be described as The comprehensive set of managerial activities and tasks concerned with developing and maintaining a  qualified workforce human resources in ways that contribute to  organisational effectiveness. (DeNisi and Griffin, 2004) Human Resource Management (HRM) is the role within an organization that focuses on staffing of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. Human Resource Management can also be performed by procession managers. The Human Resources Management (HRM) tasks include a range of manners, and key among them is deciding the recruitment needs of a business and whether to use sovereign contractors or employ employees to fill these requirements, recruiting and training the best workers, ensure that they are high performers, dealing with performance issues. Activities also include managing your approach to employee remuneration and reparation, employee accounts and personnel policies. Usually small businesses have to carry out these actions themselves because they cant yet afford part- or full-time help. However, they should always ensure that employees have- and are aware of- personnel policies, which conform to current regulations. These policies are often in the form of employee manual, which all employees have. Case Study of British Gas The role of human resource management To control a successful large business involves acquiring, developing and maintaining a wide range of assets. These capitals include materials, buildings, land, equipment, technology and, people. Any establishment needs good workforce who has the right skills to get the company’s aims and objectives. Human resource management (HRM) is the business function that focuses on the people characteristics of an organisation. It is responsible for ensuring that an organisation has the right people to carry its overall business plan. Centrica, the parent corporation of BGS, has to deliver long-standing productivity. Its shareholders expect the business to show a return on their investment by making profits, now and in future. BGS needs to add to these profits. This means time after time meeting the needs of its customers with comparatively priced products and services that give good returns to the company. BGS’s core customer base is housing consumers across the country. These c ustomers suppose to top-class service at fanatical prices. If BGS does not meet this model, the company may lose business to competitor. To ensure customer liking, BGS engineers must have the technological skills to undertake work to the obligatory standard and the people skills to take away good customer service. Through its engineer enrolment team, the British Gas Academy must therefore ensure that the company attracts and retains the best engineer. This involves several harmonizing tasks. It requires setting up to assess the BGS’s future needs for skilled employees. It requires a recruitment and selection programme to bring new people into the company. It requires a training operation to prepare new recruits and existing employees with the right skills. Case study of Scottish Power The role of Human Resource Management People are one of the most important resources used by any organisation. Scottish Power recognises that it is powered by people. Human Resource Management (HRM) is apprehensive with organising and looking after people in the place of work. On a day-to-day basis this includes recruitment, selection, training and development and assessing staff presentation. An important part of HRM is staff planning. This involves getting the right people in the right position at the right point in time. It also involves identifying the numbers of people required to enable the business to operate at full effectiveness. These people need to have the right skills to do the profession. Part of labour force planning therefore involves planning growth opportunities. Growth increases the skills of the current workforce. The energy industry is changing quickly which means it is important to recruit and train people with the ability to carry out new jobs. This is particularly essential in the growing renewable energy sector. Scottish Power aims to offer a positive recruitment and selection experience for every employee and potential employee. Scottish Power is committed to equal opportunities for everyone regardless of factors such as race, sex, age or disability. The significance of HRM’s historical development History of Human Resource management The history of human resources management had startedapproximately end of 19th century when the protecting representatives had come into life form they are all women’s and are only Worried about the defence of rest of the women’s and children effected their harshness of industrial conception had an effected coupled with pressures arising from the extension of the franchise, the power of trade unions and the labour association, and the disturbance of progressive employers, often Quakers, for what was called ‘industrial betterment’. As the role grew; there was some stress between the aim of moral defence of women and children and the needs for higher output. The First World War accelerates change in the growth of personal management with women being recruited in huge numbers to fill up the gaps absent by men going to battle, which in turn meant reaching agreement with trade unions and accepting unskilful women into craftsmen’s jobs and changing manning levels. During the 1920s, jobs of ‘labour manager’ or ‘service manager’ came into being in the business industry and other industries where there was a large industrial unit, to handle absence, recruitment, dismissal and queries over bonuses and so on. Employers’ federations, mostly in engineering and shipbuilding, negotiated general pay rates with the unions, but there were local and regional variations, and it was a lot of scope for disputes. During the 1930s, with the economy started to pick up big corporations in these newer sectors saw the value in improving employee benefits as a way of recruiting, retaining and motivating employees. However, older industries such as textile shipbuilding, etc. which were hit by the worldwide recession did not adopt new techniques, seeing no need to do so because they had no difficulty in recruiting labour. The 2nd World War brought about interests and staff work on a permanent basis at all establishment manufacturing war materials because an extended Ministry of Labour and National Service insisted on it, just as the Government had insisted on voluntary workers in weapon factories in the previous clash. The government saw the specialist personal management as part of the drive for greater efficiency and the number of people in the personnel function grew significantly; there were around 5,300 in 1943. By 1945, employment supervision and voluntary work had become included under the broad term ‘personal management’. Experience of the war had shown that output and productivity could be influenced by employment strategy. The role of the Human function in war time had been mainly that of implementing the rules demanded by large-scale, state-governed production, and thus the image of an emerging profession was very much a bureaucratic one. Following the development of poor industrial relations during the 1960s a Royal Commission under Lord Donovan was set up. Reporting in 19681, it was critical of both employers and unions; personnel managers were criticised for lacking negotiation skills and failing to plan industrial relations strategies. At least in part, Donovan suggested, these deficiencies were a consequence of management’s failure to give personnel management sufficiently high priority. During 1960s and 1970s employment started to develop considerably. At the same time personnel techniques developed started using theories from the social sciences about recruitment and selection, motivation and organisational behaviour etc. Selection testing became extra broadly used, and management of training long-drawn-out. During the 1970s, speciality fields started to develop, with reward and benefits. Around the mid-80s, the term ‘human resource management’ arrived from the USA. The term ‘human resources’ was an interesting one: it seemed to propose that employees were an asset or resource-like machinery, but at the same time HR also lead to highlight employee commitment and motivation. Today’s HR profession encompasses a number of specialist disciplines, including diversity, reward (including compensation, benefits, pensions), resourcing, employee relations, organisation development and design, and learning and development. Most recently, in developing the new CIPD HR Profession Map, the CIPD has defined ten ‘professional areas’ covered by the HR profession. Human Resource Management The Human Resources Management (HRM) now a day’s functions include a variety of manners, and key between them is deciding what staffing needs you have whether to use independent contractor or hire employees to fill those needs, recruiting and training best employees, ensuring they are high performers, dealing with performance issues, and ensuring your personnel and management practices conform to various set of laws. Activities also include managing your move towards to employee benefits and compensation, employee records and personnel policies. The organisation should always ensure that employees have and are aware of personnel policies which conform to current regulations. These policies are often in the form of employee manuals, which all employees have Human resources management comprises several processes like – Recruitment Orientation and Induction Training and development Performance appraisal Retention Recruitment: Recruitment refers to the method of screening and selecting people for a job or post within an organization. Staffing is the process of attracting qualified individuals for a specific job. The assignment of recruiting new staff is a vital but time-consuming process, so companies often prefer to hire an expert agency to source suitable candidates. The objective of a recruitment consultant is to build relationships with clients, source job vacancies, and find suitable candidates for each role. Now there are various types of methods where a company can recuruit employees Traditional recruitment agency Online recruitment websites Head-hunters In-house recruitment Traditional recruitment agency Recruitment agencies in the past have a physical location. A candidate visits a local branch for a short interview and an appraisal before being taken onto the agency’s books. Recruitment Consultants then try to match their pool of candidate to their clients open positions. fitting candidates are with potential employers. Online recruitment websites Online recruitment websites have two main features: job boards and a rà ©sumà ©/Curriculum Vitae (CV) database. Job boards allow member companies to place job vacancies. on the other hand, candidates can upload a rà ©sumà © to be included in searches by member companies. Fees are charged for job postings and access to search resumes. In recent times the recruitment website has evolved to encompass end to end recruitment. Key players in this sector provide e-recruitment software and services to organisations of all sizes and within numerous industry sectors, who want to e-enable entirely or partly their recruitment process in order to improve business feat. Head-hunters Head-hunters are third-party recruiters often taken when usual recruitment efforts have failed. Head-hunters are usually more belligerent than in-house recruiters. They may use higher sales techniques, such as firstly posing as clients to gather employee contacts, as well as visiting applicant offices. They may also purchase expensive lists of names and job titles, but more a lot will generate their own lists. They may arrange a candidate for the interview, help negotiate the salary, and conduct conclusion to the search. In-house recruitment Larger employers tend to take their own internal recruitment, using their Human Resources department. In addition to coordinate with the agencies stated above, in-house recruiters may advertise job opportunity on their own websites, coordinate employee referral schemes, and/or focus on campus graduate recruitment.). Otherwise a large employer may choose to outsource all or some of their recruitment process. Orientation and Induction New employee orientation is the process you use for salutation a new employee into your organization. New employee orientation, often spearheaded by a meeting with the Human Resources department, generally contains information about security, the work environment, the new job account, benefits and eligibility, company culture, company history, the organization chart and anything else relevant to working in the new company. Traning and Development In the field of  human resource management,  training and development  is the field anxiety with organizational action aimed at bettering the performance of individuals and groups in  organizational settings. It has been known by several names, including  employee development,  human resource development, and  learning and development. In simple terms, training and development refers to the instruct of unambiguous skills, capacity and information to an employee. A formal definition of training development is†¦ it is any attempt to improve current or future employee performance by increasing an employee’s ability to perform through  knowledge, usually by changing the employee’s attitude or increasing his or her skills and knowledge. The need for training development is determined by the employee’s performance shortage. References: (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })(); cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/history-hr-cipd.aspx#link_0 http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585

Reflection of Slingshot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Reflection of Slingshot - Essay Example Nonetheless, for long I have been holding to the believe that just like safari rally, strip racing was a concept that was developed to accommodate rally drivers who did not fancy the idea of driving through the countryside but just in an enclosed arena with spectators cheering them in every move that they make. That notion was indeed wrong; strip driving is a sport that was initiated by the thinking of two or so men who were interested in motorsport and adventure at the same time (Post, 2001). The competitive nature and high caliber competition display that we observe in the world’s major grand prix events is not what transpired was the idea of strip racing was developed. Initially the sport was not competitive it was just a means of recreation that people who had motor enthusiasm engaged in as it was not competitive in any nature since not even rules were in place to govern its practice. Today grand prix competitions are multi-billion sports investments that draw fanatics from all over the world with major car brand pitting competition against each other. One would wonder how the mega sporting arenas that these events happen came into being. For a moment, I tend to liken the sport to soccer since it is the most followed sport in the world that involves multi-billion investments (Post, 2001). On the other hand despite the high calibre that strip racing has set in the modern world the sport was a simple concept that did not attract spectators in the first place. It was a mere recreation activity that was conducted by a few individuals mainly in the deserts of California without many people noticing its existence. As many people begun being interested in the sport it moved from the wilderness to the streets though it was illegal by the law to race in the streets since engaging in the same would lead to breaking of

Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Framework - Essay Example Lastly, I would take part in the procedure of reviewing the results of the market campaigns (Tranter et al, 2006). I am a detail-oriented individual and having this attribute could help me see unobvious opportunities and share it with the company aiming at creating an appropriate compliance and integrity framework to support innovation in solutions, processes, and products in a highly regulated world. I have a believe that all of these concepts will be tremendously useful in my CP (Uysal & Fesenmaier, 2001). However, I think I will not use the marketing plan concept since the organization has already put their marketing plan into action, but it will assist me to identify how it functions. The organization's culture centers on the workers wellbeing (Belch, G. E., & Belch, M.A., 2009). The organization strives to see that employees get secured, and contented knowing that all the fulfillment issues will be addressed and that there will be no pessimistic penalties for those who raise con cerns. The core of a robust compliance culture is an effective mechanism that permits employees to speak up, and raise actual or potential compliance concerns in a non-retaliatory environment so that they may be referred faster and effectively (O’Guinn et al, 2008). ... It was formed under the Royal act jointly between the government and the individuals of the state. At first, the government owned 50 percent of the total shares, when the corporate showed hard work and dedication the government gave ten percent of the shares to the workforce. This was intended to encourage other industrial sectors to add more effort to their activities. This corporation is located in the republic of Saudi Arabia. It has grown by ten percent current value in the fertilizer industry. It is, therefore, predicted that the fertilizer production in Saudi Arabia is going to grow in an alarming rate following the organization of this Saudi Arabia Fertilizer Company. Four other companies in this state have ventured in the production of Fertilizers and hence Saudi Arabia Fertilizer Company is facing stiff competition from these competitors (Canwell, 2004). The business world at present is facing several issues that impacts on their performances. Business corporations have expe rienced stiff competition forcing them to invent new ideas that are different from their competitors and get preferred by their customers. Therefore, managers need to be creative to evade this challenge. Another issue is security and privacy. Companies all over the globe are being challenged by the improved technology, which forces to adapt to the system to improve their security issues (Jansson, 2008). The external stakeholders including the customers, the workforce, and the government play a very significant role in the company. Without them, the company cannot prosper and be successful. Therefore, corporation is devoted to offering clients high quality products that meet their needs and expectations. Any risks associated with the company’s products, have the capacity to destroy

Police administration 2 questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Police administration 2 questions - Coursework Example This essay compares the duties of a police chief with the duties of patrol sergeant, mayor, judge, prison warden, high school principal, and university president in terms of sources of influence. A police chief is expected to be a manger besides other policing qualifications and requirements. Firstly, he is expected to oversee a police department through the perspective of a manger. Under this mandate, a police chief is to oversee totality of operations by ensuring that other officers complete their duties effectively and timely. Moreover, he is expected to manage the affairs of a police department by ensuring availability of resources for relevant duties. As the chief of police, he is expected to undertake certain disciplinary actions on officers who do not comply with rules and regulations of a police department (Siegel, 2011). Sometimes he required to arbitrate dismissal and sanction on officers. These duties are similar to those of a high school principal, prison warden, and mayo r. This is because they are too required to make critical decisions on their respective institutions. Furthermore, the officers/leaders listed above are in charge of discipline in their respective institutions. For instance, a high school principal has the power to punish or reward a student according to their deeds. Consequently, a mayor has disciplinary obligations besides their management duties. Similarly, leaders in the private sectors such as company president, or senior-level manager have managerial as well as disciplinary obligations. The police chief is also required to mediate a police department with the public and other sectors of the society. Under this mandate, he is expected to attend community events and meetings on behalf of the department. In addition the police chief is expected to represent a police department in the, municipality’s board of directors. In such events, the chief is supposed to represent the public and duty officers on issues related to oper ations and security. Similarly, a high school principal acts as a representative of his school in social, legal and government related meetings. A university president also represents the students in high-ranking events and meeting. A prison warden represents the interests of prisoners and the prison in relevant board meetings so does company president and senior-level manager (Shaw, 2004). On the contrary, a judge does not represent the court or defendant in any forum. Leaders discussed above derive their influence from different sources. Indeed, a police chief draws his influence from legal obligations bestowed on him by the state. Consequently, the officer is in charge of other officers who always look upon him for counsel. Similarly, a school principal, senior level manger, university president, and company presidents are driven by the need to achieve success. On the other hand, a patrol sergeant, a mayor, and a judge are influenced by the need for outside and order within a soc iety. Question 2 Police officers are often accused of working off "quotas" for traffic citations and arrests. This is because policing cannot be compared to other trades or activities that rely on competition. Policing is a noble task and therefore officers are expected to observe their pledges of service to the public. Under this mandate, an officer cannot create a crime in order to make an arrest. However, not all police officers are true to their calling and this

SWOT and PESTEL Analysis of Nokia

SWOT and PESTEL Analysis of Nokia Introduction: Nokia is the one of the big giant in the world. It is leading the market 1992. In very beginning Nokia century start with Fredrik Idestams paper mill on the banks of the Nokianvirta River. From 1865 to 1967, the company would become a major industrial power; but it merge with a cable company and a rubber firm to start the new Nokia Corporation to path of electronics. The newly establish Nokia Corporation was ideally placed for a leading role in the early development of mobile communications. As European telecommunications markets were easy to access and mobile networks became universal, Nokia lead the way with some legend products. In 1992, Nokia determined to go ahead with telecommunications business. This was possibly the most vital strategic decision in its history. As acceptance of the GSM pattern grew, new CEO Jorma Ollila makes Nokia the leader of the mobile telephone industry worldwide. Nokias keep continues involvement with 3G, mobile multiplayer gaming, multimedia devices an d also look ahead for the future. Nokia sells its billionth mobile phone as the third generation of mobile technology emerges. Even the though Nokia main business is producing and sell mobile phone. In addition, it got Navteq section, which produce sat nav .it also sell networking technology, call Nokia Simence network. Nokia sell their networking technology to countries. However, Nokia is not only player in the market, there are many companies, particularly the main competitors are Apple , Blackberry, Samsung, Motorola, HTC etc. in the these competitor Apple is the main rival . This report is on the base of UK mobile market. Here we are going to illustrate about Nokia and its closest competitor Apple. SWOT and PESTEL analysis SWOT stand for strength, weakness, opportunity and threat. (See appendices 2) Here strength and weakness is measured as internal factors. Opportunity and threat is external factors. The work of Kenneth Andrews (1971, p47)  [i]  has been especially influential in popularizing the idea that good strategy means ensuring a fit between the external situations a firm faces (Threats and opportunities) and its own internal qualities or characteristics (strengths and weaknesses).Manufacturing strategy can be seen as reflecting this idea of fit in functional terms. Those two factors can come from any environment elements which include PESTEL. PESTEL indicate macro environment or external factors. PESTEL means political, economical, societal, technological, ecological and legal. PESTEL analysis briefly describe about external factor. In this section the SWOT and PSTEL analysis will done to show Nokias competitive position against Apple. First of all Nokia has a strong brand name all over UK, which giving them the dominating power over other brand. Secondly it got wide range of product to target loots of segments in the market. However Apple got strong image in people mind and replacing the Nokia eventually. But it got a weakness of having only one model for serve all type of customer. Nokia phone is very user friendly then other phone. On the other hand App le phone is pretty much technical oriented, which find bit complicated. In terms of distribution channel Nokia got an extended distribution channel than any other brand, where Apple got less distribution channel compare to Nokia. After sell service is superior in Apple then Nokia. In terms of product Apple product are more robust then Nokia. Nokia got strong financial background which help to do innovation and change the model very frequent. There is lots discussion going on about green house effect. Nokia has responded to this situation positively. Nokia is now continuously developing their product, which is environment friendly. The devices shown here introduce eco innovations, and solutions for a greener lifestyle, this practice is will implement more widely in future. They using energy efficient technology in the device and production, they using 100% recyclable bag and device recycle option. Very remarkable change is elimination of user manual and providing that in the device. According to the corresponded of Nokia corporation Petteri Alinikula, Nokia has reduce its power consuming by 65%, which is about one third of the total use, by using recyclable materials and new efficient way of production. And Nokia has become eco friendly company. Nokia phone price is higher than other which is one of their weaknesses. Its got long time waiting in service, which make longer downtime. In contrast Apple got very low service time which gives them some differentiation over their competitor, to compete with other rival brand. Nokia got some highly technical model, which come out with slower performance and not user friendly. Nokia still got very wide market and it market all over the world, which gives them more scope to target more segments then their competitor. Because they got bigger market share they easily reduce price and get competitive advantage. At the same time Apple got little market in worldwide, but it has the opportunity to have big global market, which able to get more economy of scale and also more profitability. telecommunication market is growing rapidly global , which one the door of huge opportunity of future profitability, through excessive communication and aggressive advertising Nokia can still get the highest position in the market. For Apple it is a great threat as it does not doing aggressive marketing. The emerging threat for Nokia is fast goring mobile companies in all over the world ,it also a big threat for all other competitor like Apple ,Samsung ,Blackberry etc. there is a sharp trend of technological development ,which bring a big challenge for these two competitors ,one example is that Nokia and Apple is doing very good on 3G network, but the world going so first and now dealing with 4G technology like wimax. Instead of Apple and Nokia all other company like Motorola, Samsung and Dell are already start making 4G compatible phone. This could affect on current market share. At the moment Nokia do not face any political issue in UK. In addition their mother company is from Europe, they should have some advantage in terms of business and tax. But they might face political complication as they out sources their production .Government may force Nokia stop doing of shoring, which will increase the cost and reduce profitability. Nonetheless they also can face obligation form other c ountries, where they outsources from. Nokia need to react on situation change and have some contingency plan. In addition Mobile phone increases crime. Due to mobile phone they crime is easier to occur. The country like UK has facing crime like mobile scam and fraud. To face these problem Nokia making the devices more secure, by providing GPS. Nokia has also come along with fare trade production, as they introduce scheme to save wild life, called SOS (Save Our Species). They also providing in education by mobile devices .they also providing education in undeveloped countries in coordination with UNESCO. In the project call Education for all goals. Economy is changing so rapidly, it is because of high tech, globalization. Which influence people buying power. All the companies need to reduce their price and promotion and also need to re -segment to cope with the change. Especially in UK market has currency fluctuation rate is very high then other Europian market. There is big issue in pricing; moreover due to recent recession in UK people buyer has reduced. Which was hamper the total sells of mobile industry? However, as the world economy is moving towards virtual economy, like ecommerce, E-business, take marketing, distance learning, tele medicine and e-governess that open a wide path for the whole mobile industry in the world. These increase scope of new market and revenue. Legal is quite hard to face mobile company. But still phone companies are penalize due to legal issue. For instance Nokia has accused Apple for violating copy right low. Which influence the bad publicity and also need to compensate a huge amount of money. Marketing strategy Marketing strategy deal with the issue like what should happen, how to should happened and when and who will responsible for that.  [ii]  Marketing strategy is mainly combined 4ps, product price and places. It mainly start with the product .product is the core element of any product. Business organizations have increasingly recognized the value of placing a broad definition on their products, one that emphasizes the basic customer need (s) being served. PHILIP KOTLER (1969, p.13).  [iii]  So the product is what people aspect from any product. For mobile, the need is the communication. However, According to Kotler (1969) Diagram (see appendices 3) there are three level of product. The core of the product is the benefit which is the communication. Actual product is brand name with Nokia future is SMS, MMS, and WAP. Style is unique model and attractive packaging and the quality is the less downtime then others substitute product. Augmented product is warranty, customer service, distribution channel (Orange, Voda phone, O2 in UK). By this illustration we see that mobile phone is not only physical product its a product service bundle. Figure 1 Service We can see it more clearly in figure 1.as our product is a combination of product and service. The physical product is visible and the service, which is not visible. As service include the customer service, warranty, call quality. So To insure customer satisfaction Nokia not only need to confirm is product quality in durability. But also its before and after sell service. This will also add value to their customer. Then the product enforces the pricing strategy. The pricing strategy depend on two different factors external and internal .In the case of Nokia the external factor is the competitor cost, price and offer and internal factors are mainly on marketing objective like Nokia believe in mass customization. To satisfy all segment needs it got premium pricing product ( smart phone ,multimedia phone ) to low price phone (basic use phone ). Their price all so very in depend on model association and colour, they charge more for the best selling colour then other colour. For example Nokia charge high price for Nokia N95 black model then other colour. This indicate the do consider market demand and price elasticity. It is also clear the Nokia is concern about market penetration, which helps to have gained their corporate strategy. However Apple is a premium brands their attempted not to become cost leader, they like to take skimming pricing and premium price strategy. They are trend to start with high price and eventually they reduce the price. Apple use price elasticity to maintain the price to match the demand .They also reduces the price of slow moving product. Moreover Apple product shows prestige of the users, so people is buys not only product, but also prestige. So it is clear that Apple is the differentiator. As differentiator Apple should have unique selling proposition, which will influence customer to switch the brand. This reinforcing customer image towards the brand and give them fell that they are getting more for their money By having short time low price Apple stimulating short time volume, when the market demand is less. On the other hand having low price help Apple to compete with their competitor and replacing customer brand loyalty. However Nokia got the different price strategy and different product rage. Nokia products are divided in three section devices manufacturing and networking. In device section Nokia mainly do mobile phone but they also do notebook pc, tablet and mobile accessories. Navteq is another section of product, where they sell sat nav and Nokia Semence network, which they joint venture with Siemens and establish network for mobile operator. However, their main competitor Apple doses more products beside mobile phone. It has portable computer, server, accessories, Wi-Fi base station, mp3 player, online TV, peripheral products like video camera, printer. After the price the place need to select. Nokia has it market all over the world. Their main region is Europe, Asia pacific, Middle East, Africa, America, Hongkong, China, and Taiwan. Among those countries Nokia got strong base in European and Asia pacific market. In America they are dominated by Apple, as Apple is an American company. Apples headquarter located in California. Moreover Apple got retail store in three major counties, it got 200 stores in US, UK, and Canada. Apple recently moves to China. By moving to china they got two benefits, low cost out sourcing and huge local market. After the place nest thing come is the people involved in the business. If want to say about people, we need to say about the customer service, which they got all over the Europe and US. Nokia got service centres in every city to stay close to their customer. It has international warranty for its all types of phone no matter where it was bought form. Even thought they got long repair time, but they provide free device repair and certain level of free parts if necessary. Apple got highly trained professional to provide better service. And from front desk to highly technical professional Apple put the right people to right place. Apple is very popular for providing better after sell service. Apple customer service is accessible for all customers near and far, as they provide service in so many ways, phone, video conferencing and web support. In some area where the repair takes long time, Apple provides direct replacement .which give mare value to their service. After the service next thing come out is physical existence. Nokia got customise website for all different region. In their websites they provide device information, price and also the technological solution. In addition they got call centre support in local area wise. Nokia got showroom in every cities. However, Apple web site is www.apple.com. Which allow people to navigate to more customise websites, base on their location. Apple logo, the half eaten rainbow apple represent the Sir Isaac Newton memorable apple, which let people remember their brand easily. Apple got showroom in every big city, which verdict their existence. In addition Apple use different relationship event like Mac World Expo, advertising through different channel to communicate to different customer type. And they convert new customer to loyal customer by providing high quality customer service. Apple also increasing their distribution channel by adding Wall Mart in US and add mobile operator Orange, Tesco, Voda phone as new distribution channel in UK. On the other hand Nokia got distinctive quality then Apple product, Nokia phone are compatible for any network. It has user friendly operating system. It is famous for uses and its model is quite durable in the market. To see this we can analysis product life cycl e of Nokia. Product life cycle Product life cycle is the graph, shows product from introductory to decline stage of product and also explain the measure to control that situation. (See appendices 4) To analysis of product cycle, we use Nokia N95 model and US as a place. We chose US because in the introductory stage Nokia struggle to introduce their third generation phone in US .First N95 was introduce in March 2007,on the time it was on introductory level it got very low sell, so that they start selling it in discounted price in America in Sep 2007. Then it develops the hardware and start selling it in Europe and Asia, which was version N95-2. Later on when they upgrade to version 3, they start selling it in US through ATT. Then they enjoy the steady selling in US market until the new competitor Apple come with new generation Iphon. On their decline stage Nokia increase their promotion and then decided to give free internet with their smart phone including their N95 to compete with Iphone. But still the sell was g oing down. After that they decide to completely change the model and introduce N96. This helps them to keep their market share. However, to find out how good market base they got, we can look in to market share analysis Market share analysis Market share is percentage of selling unit of total unit sell in whole industry by all companies. To analysis the market share we are looking at the smart phones market share worldwide in 2009. Recent research (GSM Dome, Feb2010) shows that Apples iPhone doubled its global smart phone market share to 14.4%, increase 6.2% from 2008, while Nokias Symbian phone keeps their first place in this section. Nokias market share reduce by 5.5 point, while RIM and its Blackberries come second, with a 3.3 point increase in market share, getting a 19.9% share. In the States, BlackBerry and Apple have dominated market share than Symbian and as far as mobile use for communication, Apple and Android got the segment, with 81% market share. In addition, Android phone sales enlarged by 3.4 points, up to 3.9%, but still Android following Windows Mobile and Linux. The first platform had its market share drop 3.1 points, while Linux saw a cut of 2.9%. Palms WebOS have market share of 0.7%. The same research shows that 172 million smart phones were sold in 2009, 24% more then 2008. The iPhone stood for 2% of all mobile phone sales last year.  [iv]  (See appendices 5). In addition, according to Timo Ihamuotila, chief financial officer of Nokia Oyj (2010), their market share in 2010 will decries on 3%,(see table 1). At the same time their profitability has increase. Now Nokia is mere concern for their product price, as their ASP (average selling price) is going up. They also develop the experience of better and unique operating system for all their devices. This will make them differentiator. So finally Nokia is moving from mass customising to differentiator.  [v]  After looking the worldwide market share, let see how Nokia positioning in UK market. Positioning Positioning is depending on customer view toward to the product and the price. In this comparison we choose smart phone of different companies. We compare them by price and quality (matured by ranking 1-5) to show how dose defffernt brand giving the best value for their customers. To drow the posotioneing map we collect the the data from three different web site Nokia, Apple and carephone wearhouse web site. (See appendices 6) Positioning map By compering these we can see that Apple got hihgst quality in the market and Motorola got the lowest. If we see Nokia it is just after Apple and before Blackberry. Which show a nagivite impact on Nokia but if we see the prise, Nokia is giving the best value of price compare to their competitors. So there is a high possibility for Nokia to oprovide high quality in smart price, which will give them another competitive edge. Boston consulting The acronym of BCG is Boston Consulting Group, which general management is consulting from, famous business strategy consulting. From late 1970s BCG Growth-Share Matrix widely accepted and start taught in educational institutions. (See appendices 7) The choice of the product life cycle and market share as the two contingent variables has an added attraction. When combined, they form the framework for the BCGs product portfolio matrix (Henderson, 1979, p513).  [vi]  This administration tool has four different segments, including Stars, Cash Cows, Question Marks and Dogs. According to BCG growth share matrix Nokia is in cash cow position. Nokia has the profitability. They are the market leader, with a low growth market share. As cash cow Nokia should fund for their own growths. They pay the corporate  dividends. They pay the corporate overhead. Nokia had exactly same position until the new player Apple Marge in the market. This new competitor could Nokia to lose their profitability and slower their market acquisition .which will eventually repeals Nokia from their position. As a consequence Nokia share price is going down. See However apple is in stars position. They are the market leader in high growth markets. They tend to generate higher amount of revinue, but have to utilize certain amount of cash due to growth of market conditions. For example, Apple is reducing their Iphone price in UK to quickly penetrate the market. Ansoff matrix The  Ansof matrix  presents the product and market choices available to an  organisation. Where it indicate to penetrate new market, product development, movie to new market and product diversification. (See appendices 8) According to Ansof Matrix (Ansoff, 1957) Market penetration starts, when any organization tries to penetrate existing market with current product. Companies use this strategy to increase the sell without changing product-market strategy. If we discuss about Nokia N95, It was first intro introduce in US in April 2007, Nokia N95 was sold in flagship store in discounted price. Then august 2007 Nokia N95 version 2 come out and start selling it in normal price in America. This is clearly defining that Nokia use the Ansof matrix to penetrate the US market. Another strategy is product development .which means new innovation or new product design. Normally it uses to utilize the spare capacity, make harder environment for competitor, reputation of RD and acquiring new technology. For example N8 is a new innovation of Nokia, which let them to have their market, keeping the brand image and also keep them competitive against their competitor. Financial analysis Gross margin,  gross profit margin  or  gross profit rate  is the amount of sells revenue after production cost. It is excluding  overhead,  payroll,  taxation, and  interest  payments. It expresses the relationship between  gross profit  and sales  revenue. It is a measure of how well each dollar of a companys revenue is utilized to cover the costs of goods sold.  [vii]  In the financial analysis part we are going to analyse the EUROPE base, as there is no individual financial data on UK. In appendices 9 one we can see the gross profit margin has been reduce 1.474% in year 2009 compare to year 2007, which should affect the profitibily. Profit margin,  net margin,  net profit margin  or  net profit ratio  all refer to a measure of  profitability. It is calculated by finding the  net profit  as a percentage of the  revenue.  [viii]   Profit margin is an indicator of a companys pricing strategies and how well it controls costs. Differences in competitive strategy and product mix cause the profit margin to vary among different companies.  [ix]   But if few see the net profit margin in appendices 10, it seems that the net profit margin has gone down more compare to gross profit. The amount reduces to 12.578%, which is a huge loose in Nokias profitability. This could be due to the fluctuation of currency and recession. The  current ratio  is a  financial ratio  that measures the company capacity to pay its liability over the next year. It compares a firms  current assets with its  current liabilities. The current ratio is an indicator of company capability to meet creditors demand. If companys current ratio is in their acceptable range, then it is generally considered to have positive short-term financial strength. Nokia got current ratio 1.55 (see appendices 11)which is not so much appricited, still it is not bad as it got long term future plan. Those will incrise the ratio. For example in Nokia Simence network need a high investment and it takes long time to get the profit. This could be the reason of having less assets then the liability. The acid-test ratio is far clearer than the operational capital ratio, mainly because the operational capital ratio allows for the inclusion of inventory assets. Companies having ratios  of less than 1 cannot afford their current liabilities and should be looked at with extreme concern. Furthermore, if the acid-test ratio is much lower than the operational capital ratio, it means current assets are highly dependent on stock. Retail stores are examples of this type of  business. In the case of Nokia, it has ration which has less than 1(see appendices 12); it means that Nokia do not have enough cash to meet is current short time liability.   Return on invested capital  (ROIC) is a financial measurement which indicate that efficiency a company maintaining cash flow relative to the capital it has invested in its business. When the return on capital is greater than the  cost of capital  (usually measured as the  weighted average cost of capital), the company is creating value; when it is less than the cost of capital, and value is destroyed. According to appendices 13, in 2007 Nokia got return of investment of 42.87%, which was very good to for any company. However 2008 it was reduced to 25.828% in the next year which was still good but not favourable as before. Finally in 2009 it reduces to 5.825%, which create very complicated situation. This is affecting company share holder income, which led to reduce the share price. Recommendation As Nokia got very tight competition, Nokia need to be very careful for choosing any strategy. Nokia is responding with the environment, which is appreciable. But Nokia still need to quicker in responding technological change, as technology is changing more rapidly than anything else. Again Nokia has increase ASP (average selling price), which will increase the profitability unite wise but might not going to much effective. Because if the total selling amount get decline ,only having extra revenue gathered by ASP will not able to make up the total profit. We believe that Nokia might need to rethink about their marketing mix. Consumer is very careful what are they getting. So Nokia need to very much careful about the performance of their product. Especially, their operating system needs to speed up. Nokia also need to speed up their after sell service. Those all Nokia can do to reinforce their market .However, if look at the financial analysis. We can see a huge change in their profita bly. There is a sharp decline in Nokia profit margin, more than 12% in last three years. This indicates step reduction of the sell. This will affect the share price and de motivate stake holder to invest in Nokia. Then analysis the current ratio Acid test ratio, we see that Nokia do not have enough assets to pay its liability. As it is less than one. But still there is hope as Nokia is investing in Nokia Simence network, which need high investment in initial time and it takes time to get the profit. Finally comparing both the opportunity and current wealth of Nokia we suggest Nokia to diversify from to mobile business, as it in high risk of having less market share then before and high price device. This will reduce potential buyer for higher price. In the same time by looking the opportunity of new extension of Navteq and Nokia Siemens network, the reasone for referring these two sections is, they got high level of possibelity. If we see current market they are only few competitors in sat nav industry. There are is very high prospective market base in UK and Europe. Another plus point for Nokia is they know these markets very well and they already got existing distribution channel. So they is high possible of new market .moreover they can continue built network for different operator. As they are joint venture with Siemens, which give the both company more financial and technological strength. So we suggest continuing investment in these two sections and eliminating the mobile section to stop draining the capital.

Lead Systems Eng :: essays research papers

20th Century Genius I selected Carl Jung at the beginning of this course because I had done some general research on a few of the people that were on the list, which was supplied in our course module. When I came to Carl Jung I found that he was born in Switzerland just north of Geneva. At the time I was living in Geneva, and I felt it would be interesting to do research on someone who was from Switzerland. What I leaned about Carl Jung was fascinating, although there is so much more to lean about this individual and also his area of genius. Many of the concepts certainly would take more advanced study and research. However, I believe he is a good candidate for 20th century genius and he deserves that distinction. Carl Jung, pronounced (Carl Young), is an intellectual genius and his field of genius is in the science of psychology. The science or field of psychology is truly left to those with intellectual prowess, however, from what I have learned about this man, is that he is not only a participant of this field, but he also has shaped and made significant contribution to this, the science of psychology. I believe it takes a genius no less to study psychology, but even more so to shape and lead in this field. Psychology is such a difficult, complex and advanced study because the human mind, emotions and human behavior is so very complex. The word, †Complex† is interesting because it was Carl Jung who coined that term in a book he published titled, â€Å"Studies in word association†, but more on that later. Psychologists have little more than their intellect as tools to rely on. What is interesting about Carl Jung is that part of his life falls along the fringe of our studies over the past five weeks. For example, he was born in Switzerland and his father was a protestant priest. We also learned that Switzerland is where Calvinism really took hold. These things, the birth of Protestant and Calvinism began as a result of the Reformation, which we learned earlier in our studies. Also, one of his theories about the unconscious falls on the fringe of our recent studies in art. So, to study Carl Jung I felt really tied in nicely with our study of Humanities. First, a little background on Carl Jung.

Community of Cars

In â€Å"Community of Cars† by Ryan Brown, the author uses sarcasm to Inform us that we are a lazy, self-destroying community. He relays every negative thing about our environment and health to our Increased dependence on cars. Brown seems to cry out to the world that we need to change our ways before It's too late. He wants people to be more mindful, and to not Just throw out the environment. Brown begins his argument with a stroll down the authors' childhood.He refers to the numerous afternoons spent strolling with his grandmother to the local grocery store. Many people can refer to this as an emotional appeal. Brown than appeals to our values by saying the â€Å"friendly conversations we used to have when passing an acquaintance while walking have been replaced with honks of a car horn† (Brown 1). He points out that Americans are in a mind state of driving over walking. He also says that if we drove less, our environment, communities, and personal health would all sh ow positive effects. â€Å"That automobiles are environmentally harmful is unarguable† (Brown 1).Brown uses the argument of automobile emissions polluting the air and then resulting in acid rain. He says with the combination of cheap gas prices and high gas mileage cars, there is no wonder the drivers society has continued to thrive. He points out that just because people drive fuel efficient cars, it does not mean there doing anything positive to the community. Because of their fuel efficient vehicles they drive more because it's cheaper. Using a fuel-efficient car to drive miles to the superstore instead of walking to the corner store is not helping.Brown points out the ultimately it is our choice whether our communities are great places to raise our children, or if they are just mere pit stops on the highway. He poses that Americans have disregarded the isolating effect of convenience, and thus we are blindly setting ourselves up to destruction. Such is a consequence that many have not thought of, and Brown makes a convincing appeal. â€Å"New Urbanism and other social reform movements promise to bring back the days of centralized, walk able communities, Incorporating features such as wide sidewalks and narrow streets† (Brown 3).Brown believes that with a better community comes a better strength of life. Brown states that roadways tear up countryside destroy wildlife habitats and routes. Browns Interpretation of the rise In gas prices Is the government telling us to watch our spending. The government has gas prices low enough to keep the consumers happy, but high enough to pay for our environmental struggles. The decline of public health due to lack of exercise Is another argument Brown uses to his advantage.Brown uses an example from Amanda Speak In saying â€Å"Living In the suburbs Is linked to dating more higher-calorie fast food† (Brown 2). Obesity In children has more than doubled In the last three decades. This Is not surprising because 1 of every 3 meals that a child eats is from a fast food restaurant. Brown states that us Americans think Witt our wallets. According to nil, ten only times Americans take a stand on an issue is if it's convenient and affordable. It seems like the cause and effect of everyday life prompted Brown to write this argument. He claims that as our driving rates go up our health goes down.He claims we are lazy and then states almost anything we need on a daily basis we can get through a Drive-Thru window. Now we no longer have to exert ALL the energy it takes to walk across the parking lot and to shop around. You can now do almost every daily chore without leaving the comforts of your front seat. Paul Higgins from University of California believes that walking would no doubt fix two of Earths biggest problems; global warming and obesity. Brown believes that the new tight relationship between a man and his â€Å"Beauty' is a reversible trend.He believes that the return to days gone by is an achievable and desirable goal. All in all, Brown uses a variety of strategies to argue his thesis that too much reliance on automobiles is costing America its health and heritage. The vast amount of consequences of when we drive instead of when we walk has had far- reaching effects that many people may not have considered. Brown assembles a triple threat by appealing to our logic, emotion and values. To Brown, cars are an incredible thing, but not worth losing the environment, our communities, our personal health, and lives.

Let 90s Nostalgia Rock Your Content Marketing

Let 90s Nostalgia Rock Your Content Marketing New research shows that we are more likely to spend money when were feeling nostalgic. According to the Journal of Consumer Research: Consumers that were asked to think about the past were willing to pay more for a set of products than consumers asked to think about new or future memories. Did that get your attention? Interesting results, but thats not all. Another study showed an increased willingness to give more money to others after recalling, reflecting, or writing about a nostalgic past life event. This got me thinking – how does this nostalgia effect influence your content marketing? Are readers more likely to share your content when they are feeling nostalgic? Will  they be more likely to convert? Will they be more likely to buy your product or service? The evidence seems to indicate that they  might. The first step to applying this to your content marketing is to understand what nostalgia is in the first place. What Is Nostalgia? Technically, the term  nostalgia  describes a  particular sentimentality towards  a former experience. In simpler terms, it is a positive reflection  of the past, and a powerful one at that. Nostalgia is generally  triggered by some sort of  cue  from the past. This  sentimentality is then  associated with  a period or place with happy personal memories. The term itself  was coined by a 17th-century medical student as a way to describe the anxieties displayed by  Swiss  mercenaries fighting away from home. In later years, as science has learned more about the phenomena, nostalgia  has been  widely considered  an independent and even positive emotion that people experience often. There are four commonly understood functions of nostalgia. They include, improve mood, increase social connectedness, enhance positive self-regard, and provide existential meaning. This is where things really start to get interesting for marketers. Improve Mood Nostalgia has often been found to increase one’s mood and heighten positive emotions. This reaction seems to stem from feelings of warmth or coping resulting from nostalgic reflections. In essence, the presence of nostalgic emotions give us a method for coping with things that could hinder our own happiness. This natural coping method instinctively seems to improve our mood and function. Increase Social Connectedness Interestingly, nostalgia also seems to increase our sense of social connectedness. This is a very important factor for the use of nostalgia in modern marketing. In essence, nostalgia is  triggered by a feeling of  loneliness, but counteracts such feelings with reflections of close relationships. Enhance Positive Self-Regard Nostalgia can also help us feel better about ourselves.  Researchers  found that subjects who thought of nostalgic memories showed more positive characteristics than those who thought of exciting future experiences. This research also revealed that a lack nostalgic experiences reflected a pattern of selfish and self-centered behavior. As nostalgic experiences were introduced, so was the positive  behavior. Provide Existential Meaning You may be surprised to learn that  nostalgia also helps increase one’s self-esteem and meaning in life. It does this by removing  threats to our well-being, and also by initiating a desire to deal with problems or stress.  Studies  have  found that nostalgia correlates positively with one’s sense of meaning in life. Nostalgia is a known way to boost peoples mood. It allows people to live (and re-live) something familiar,  something  they remember, a positive emotional experience. –  Gabriel Trionfi (Pinterests  user experience researcher) Nostalgia is a powerful neuropsychiatric force that  can frequently becoming a  driving force for our behavior.  Its effects can be seen in who we select to marry (we frequently marry spouses with characteristics reminiscent of those of our parents), and  our adoption of political affiliations (we may become  Democrats, Republicans, or even racists simply because our parents were). So, if it can effect these major life decisions, certainly it can also affect our purchasing and consuming behavior. And that is where nostalgia comes in for  a  content marketing pro life yourself. Examples Of  Nostalgia In Internet Marketing One of the best examples of nostalgia in internet culture is the popular photo-sharing service Instagram. These user-shared photos are soaked in nostalgia. Reminiscent of photos from old Polaroid cameras,  the photos  are frequently  wrapped in a white border. In addition, by allowing users to select from a variety of filters (including some with labels  like  1970), users are able to re-create the faded and worn appearance that is recognizable from  photos of the past. Instagram fosters a huge sense of nostalgia. Blogger David Yoon calls this fake nostalgia, and he certainly has a point – it is manufactured. But Instagrams features still do a great job of highlighting the power of nostalgia. In his piece, David points out that  our  digital photographs have lost the nostalgic feel because they did not age like more traditional photographs.   This is a good point, and it helps us understand the rise in popularity of tools like Instagram. While Instagrams nostalgia is purely manufactured, it is a harkening back to the good old days  of photography and obviously brings with it some powerful emotions. We have to wonder: would Instagram have been as popular without the throwback? Well never know, but the theory is certainly worth considering. One place we can see this theory come to light is with something called throwback Thursday, the  popular internet  practice of posting an old photo, thought, or idea on social media. Originally made popular on Instagram itself,  #TBT is now a practice that is used across the web as a way to reminisce and remember the past. It is nostalgia in action. In recent months, Facebook has also started feeding our nostalgic urges. This February, as it celebrated its  own  10 year anniversary, Facebook gave its  users the opportunity to watch a video of their history on Facebook. The short videos contained  Ã‚  15 or so of the  users  most-liked photos, statuses, and life events set to a catchy tune. While a  bit cheesy, these videos  are a great example of nostalgia in action, and reminder of the cultural significance of sites like Facebook. Other services like Timehop, have embraced the power of nostalgia in a similar way.  Promising to be a time capsule of you, Timehop allows users to see their  photos and updates from an  exact day in history (usually a year prior). Timehop promises to help you celebrate the best moments of the past with your friends. Nostalgia much? Traditional brands have been long-aware of the power of nostalgia. Recently, General Mills  went retro with several of their major cereal brands, a practice already proven to be popular by other brands like Pepsi and Mountain Dew with their throwback product line.  Krafts Macaroni Cheese line also introduced a bit of 90s nostalgia recently by bringing their product, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and Vanilla Ice to the same stage. The results were fairly, nostalgic, to say the least. So, nostalgia is not necessarily a new marketing tactic, but in content marketing, I think it is often left unexplored. Can it work? Thats the question we need to ask ourselves now. How To Take Advantage of Nostalgia In Content Marketing Before we get too far, we need to set some ground rules. The folks over at Scripted have cleverly identified three conditions that should be met  before  we try to  use nostalgia in our content marketing. They are: We  must consider our  target market’s age range in order to choose a time era that demographic can identify with. We  have to choose an event, style, etc. that invokes positive memories and a sense of trust. The chosen era or event should invoke the emotions that we want  people to associate with our  brand. In other words, dont go harkening back to the roaring twenties (and expect a nostalgic reaction) if your audience is primarily comprised of skater-kids that were popping zits in the 90s. Take for example Krafts placement of Vanilla Ice and the  Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. These are both throwbacks to my early days as youth. I clearly remember being in a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle fan club and I  know for sure that I owned a Vanilla Ice cassette tape at some point. These are both fond memories now that I am in my 30s. Not only that, but I am also the parent of three small children. I am a prime target for Kraft Macaroni Cheese. Well played Kraft, well played. If you dont  align your marketing and your audience properly, you are fighting an uphill battle already. Nostalgia only works if it is actually nostalgic for your readers. So,  if you dont know the demographic of your readers, you can do some digging in Google Analytics, or complete this short exercise that will help you identify your audience. Nostalgia only works in #contentmarketing if your content is  actually nostalgic for your readers.5 Ways To Apply Nostalgia To Our Content Marketing So you may be thinking that  this nostalgia thing sounds great, but I havent really provided any conclusive methods for introducing it to your content marketing. I am glad you brought it up. While this is by no means a conclusive list, here are 5 quick ideas that Ive found for applying nostalgia to  content marketing. #1: Weave Nostalgic  References  Into Your Content Through Storytelling One of the easiest ways to incorporate the effects of nostalgia is through the art of storytelling and reference. Our own content creator, Julie Neidlinger, wrote a post a few years back bringing together the art of content marketing and the beloved mix tape of the 80s. In this type of post, the nostalgic reference is merely an element used to engage the reader in the work. It is simple and effective. #2: Add Nostalgic Reminders To Your Visual Elements In many cases, nostalgic elements can be incorporated into the design of page elements, like they were on this post about audience fragmentation from just a few weeks ago. The visual elements on the page harken to a time and idea past, reflecting and fostering a feeling of nostalgia. #3: Interact With Your Audience In A Nostalgic Way Whenever someone becomes a new paying customer of , we love to thank them with a physical notebook that they can use to jot down blog ideas when they are on the go. is a digital product  so this  is somewhat counterintuitive, but it has proven to be a great program. It encourages us and our users to think about the days of old when we used to write thing in places other than the computer. #4: Create Content That Allows Readers To Experience Greater Nostalgia Love them or hate them, Buzzfeed has garnered a great deal of attention by actually allowing us to interact with their own sense of nostalgia. On their site, you will find dozens of (basically meaningless) quizzes that allow us to discover which 90s soundtrack we are, or which Friends character we should hide in our basement. These may be silly, but they are also popular and are shared like crazy on Facebook. â€Å"The quiz is kind of like the broken-down-to-its-core of what BuzzFeed is,† Summer Anne Burton, Buzzfeed’s managing editorial director and the head of its quiz initiative, told Nieman Lab. â€Å"It gives someone something that they can relate to well enough that they can share it with others.† Buzzfeed built a custom template so that its staffers and its community contributors can easily create these identity-focused questionnaires. (source: The Atlantic) #5: Throwback For A day Microsoft has done an excellent job of using throwback nostalgia to improve its brand and reputation. After taking a beating for years with an error-ridden browser, their marketing team began using nostalgia (ironically) to make amends with the web developers that they have offended along the way – even going as far as releasing a throwback version of their website, an idea that will never get old for a generation of web developers who grew up using tables and font tags on this new thing called the world wide web. The Effects Of Nostalgia In Content Marketing Perhaps Don Draper said it best. Nostalgia is powerful, but delicate. Used correctly, though, it can help us accomplish many things – including better content marketing. Teddy told me that in Greek nostalgia literally means, the pain from an old wound. Its a twinge, in your heart. Far more powerful then memory alone. This device isnt a spaceship, its a time machine. It goes backwards, forwards. It takes us to a place, where we ache to go again. Its not called The Wheel. Its called The Carousel. It lets us travel in a way a child travels. Round and round, and then back home again. To a place where we know we are loved. Don Draper   Nostalgia can make users more likely to share. #ContentMarketingJust take a look at Buzzfeeds quiz page, which  now contains  some of the most shared and most  nostalgic  content on an already popular site. Nostalgia can make users more likely to convert. #ContentMarketingIf nostalgia makes visitors more likely to buy, then it is fair to assume that it would also make them more likely to convert as an inbound lead. Maybe its time to incorporate some nostalgia into your inbound process.

The Wind in Willows Book Review

'The Wind in Willows' Book Review The Wind in the Willows is a childrens story that lives in the hearts and minds of its readers well into adulthood. With its subtle blend of anthropomorphism and very-British humor, the book is a classic tale of river life and friendship. The Wind in the Willows is surprisingly dark and thrilling in placesparticularly in the later chapters and the battle of Toad Hall. The book provides something that few novels of its time can claim: all-round entertainment for all ages. The story confirms the power of close friends and courage to make a difference in the lives of others. Overview: The Wind in the Willows The novel begins with Mole, a peace-loving little animal, doing some spring cleaning. He soon meets another of the people who live by the river, Ratty, who enjoys nothing more than messing about in boats. After a number of pleasant afternoons having picnics and spending time on the river, Mole and Ratty decide to visit one of Rattys friends, Toad whowhen they arriveexplains to them his latest obsession, a horse, and cart. They go for a ride with Toad, but whilst on the road, they are tipped over by a speeding motorcar (which completely breaks Toads little cart). Far from being upset by the loss of his favorite toy, Toads first thought is that he, too, wants one of those incredible automobiles. This obsession leads him to trouble, however. Much to Mole, Ratty and their old and wise friend Badgers sadness, Toad is soon arrested and sent to prison for stealing a motor car. However, within the gaol, one of the guards daughters soon feels sorry for the poor Toad (who certainly wasnt made for prison life), and gives him some old washerwoman’s clothes and helps him to escape. Toad returns to the river and is welcomed by his friends, who tell him that his home, Toad Hallonce his pride and joyhas been overtaken by the cruel woodlanders: the stoats and the weasels. Some hope does seem to be in sight. Badger tells Toad that there is a secret tunnel leading back into the very heart of Toad Hall and the four friends follow it, leading them right into the lair of their enemies. An enormous battle ensues and Badger, Mole, Ratty and Toad manage to rid the hall of stoats and weasels, placing Toad back where he belongs. The rest of the book suggests that the four friends will continue in their easy-going lifestyle, occasionally taking trips on the river and eating picnics. Toad manages to curb his obsessive behavior, somewhat, but cannot completely cure himself. Englishness in The Wind in the Willows The true joy of The Wind in the Willows is the image of English life: a very Georgian, upper-middle-class take on the world in which the countryside is covered by an incessant summer time and which days can be spent idling by the riverside and watching the world go by. Because of the success of The Wind in the Willows, Kenneth Grahame was able to leave his unhappy job in a bank and live very much the life he represented in the pages of the booka life full of cake at tea time, and the soothing sound of the river running past. The novel is also very much loved for its characters: the slightly pompous and ridiculous toad (who is completely carried away by his latest obsession), and the wise old badger (who is crotchety, but who has very high regard for his friends). They are characters who embody the English values of fortitude and good humor. But, these creatures are also incredibly honorable and willing to fight (even to the death) for their little piece of England. There is something ineffably comforting about Grahames little storyfamiliar and also very powerful. The animal characters are completely humanized, but their personalities and characteristics are still linked to their animals characters. The Wind in the Willows is wryly humorous and tremendously fun. This book is one of the greatest childrens books of all time.

Short Essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short Essays - Essay Example Realising this, activists and several organizations publicised various messages attracting people to places like the Tahrir square. Social media played a role in shaping opinions, empowerment, influencing change and mobilization of people. Undeniably, a flurry of tweets and Facebook posts spiked to force downfall of President Mubarak. In essence, social media helped sway public attitude and reaction. Facebook acted as a place to vent out the hatred and outrage for the long-term oppression and economic instability. The government effort to end different social media sites backfired resulting into even more protests. The press and newcomers got wind of the antagonism bringing into light more foot soldiers. More people became active and attempted to find out more information about the protests. Activists used particular events to attract attention from different people. For example, the death of Khaled Said who had been brutally beaten by police became a focal point of protesters. Over 500,000 people viewed his YouTube video while 470,000 joined a Facebook page formulated on the same (Patrut & Patrut, 2014). From this perspective, social media promoted shared values and interests hence prompting protests. The Darwinian style of development believes in the survival for special populations as depicted in Weimar republic. Arguably, the Weimar government comprised of people with different interests. In as much as several reasons can support their actions, apparently each party strived to maintain its comfort. Notably, the right and left wing of the Weimar Government pressured the leaders promoting many problems such as hyperinflation. Many conditions made Darwinian theory evident in the Weimar leadership style. For example, noble families found it difficult to be ruled by army leaders who were from the lower class. On the other hand, army leaders also had different views regarding Weimar government including

Kennedy v. Louisiana Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kennedy v. Louisiana - Case Study Example uries were the most severe he had seen from a sexual assault in his four years of practice.† (Supreme Court of the United States, Patrick Kennedy, Petitioner v. Louisiana, 2008) The brutality of the way in which the crime was committed forced the US supreme court to declare maximum punishment for the accused. Kennedy denied the charges and he accused that the two neighboring boys were the actual culprits. The main issue in this case is about the validity of death sentence given to the accused. The Courts ruling failed to consider the federal law in the military justice system regarding the death penalty. â€Å"The Eighth Amendment bars Louisiana from imposing the death penalty for the rape of a child where the crime did not result, and was not intended to result, in the victims death† (KENNEDY v. LOUISIANA, 2008) .The Court’s Division bench who heard this case was not unanimous about their judgment. Only 5 out of the 9 judges written in favor of the death sentenced while 4 of them strongly opposed the death sentence. Most of the people in various states have opposed the capital punishment. The court cannot act based on the consensus among the public. The court needs to look into the constitution and the law for delivering their verdicts. If the capital punishment is against the public will, then it is the duty of the government to change the constitutional law regarding capital punishment. The law regarding the death sentence is included in the â€Å"Eighth Amendment — Death Penalty — Punishment for Child Rape†. (Harvard Law Review, p.296) Even this law allow death sentence to a criminal only if the victim was killed. So in unusual circumstances only the death sentence is imposed. These unusual circumstances may be perceived differently by different people. years, lack of knowledge of the victims age shall not be a defence.† (KENNEDY v. LOUISIANA, 2008) In a rape case nobody can argue that they were not aware of the victim’s age. Since the rape itself